5 different ones Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

5 different ones - Essay Example If only one X chromosome is affected, she is a carrier. On the other hand, a male suffers from the disease if he has only one allele due to the presence of only one X chromosome in males. The mating of a female carrier with a normal male will not result in any of the daughters suffering from hemophilia. However, there is a fifty percent probability that the daughter may also be a carrier (VanPutte et al 2011). Answer. A normal cell of the human body has 46 chromosomes. The karyotype of a human cell during mitosis reveals that each chromosome is accompanied by another chromosome and these two chromosomes have a similar shape and size. This pair of similar chromosomes is referred to as homologous chromosomes and thus the humans have 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes (Campbell et al 2010). The homologous chromosomes have genes of the same trait. This means that the gene for a particular biological feature is present at the same place on homologous chromosomes. For example, the trait of eye color would be present at the same location on both the chromosomes. Thus, genes of the same trait lie at the same level on the homologous chromosomes (Campbell et al 2010). Answer. The process of meiosis is important for the reduction of the diploid number of chromosomes to haploid. There are two cell divisions during meiosis and the changes in the offspring result due to the genetic material coming from both the parents. The separation of the chromosomes followed by the reduction of the diploid number to haploid occurs during this process. Along with this, alterations are made in the haploid number during the process of meiosis. This results in new combinations of genes (Khanna 2008). Crossing over as well as fertilization which is unsystematic and the grouping of chromosomes independently is responsible for the production of new genes. This is significant for the purpose of selection as well

Promise and peril Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Promise and peril - Essay Example The article also notes there are challenges in implementing pay-for-performance programs by managers. One of such is seen on the negative impact on motivation, self-esteem, teamwork, and creativity (Beer, and Cannon 4). The second challenge is that the program may lead the employee to forego other things that would help the organization in pursuit of rewards. Merit has also been shown not to be based on performance. The proponent of the program believes the challenges can be overcome through intelligent design of the program (Beer, and Cannon 4). The article also highlights the role played by managers in pay for performance programs. The article notes managers may opt for adoption, modification, or discontinuation of the programs (Beer, and Cannon 13). The article shows reasons for managers coming up with any of the decision. One influence for decision is on pragmatic commitment to finding ways of improving performance (Beer, and Cannon 13). Their goals are just driven by ensuring there is an improvement in performance but not just desire to apply the new programs. They also viewed the new tool as a combination of other tools that could be used in solving some of the challenge they face. Moreover, failure to gain result of the new tool makes manager adopts other traditional tools. Such tools include close supervision, clear goals, coaching, and training (Beer, and Cannon 13). The manager’s view these tools as being fundamental in management hence change of decision. Additionally, the manager viewed the new program as requiring more time to implement and attracted difficulties in setting performance standards. The new program has been viewed as advantageous. However, it faces the challenges of implementation by